Sputnik V protection from COVID-19 in people living with HIV under antiretroviral therapy

 Sputnik V protection from COVID-19 in people living with HIV under antiretroviral therapy 

Vladimir A. Gushchin,a Elena V. Tsyganova,b Darya A. Ogarkova,a Ruslan R. Adgamov,a Dmitry V. Shcheblyakov,a Nataliia V. Glukhoedova,b Aleksandra S. Zhilenkova,b Alexey G. Kolotii,c Roman D. Zaitsev,c Denis Y. Logunov,a Alexander L. Gintsburg,a and Alexey I. Mazus b 

* a Federal State Budget Institution “National Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology named after Honorary Academician N F Gamaleya” of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia b Moscow City Center for AIDS Prevention and Control, Moscow, Russia c Autonomous Noncommercial Organization, Moscow Center for Innovative Technology in Health Care, Moscow, Russia 

Summary 

Background HIV-infection is known to aggravate the course of many infectious diseases, including COVID-19. International guidance recommends vaccination of HIV+ individuals against SARS-CoV-2. There is a paucity of data on epidemiological efficacy assessment of COVID-19 vaccines among HIV+. This paper provides a preliminary assessment of Sputnik V vaccine effectiveness in HIV+ patients on antiretroviral therapy (ART). 

Methods We performed a retrospective cohort study to assess the effectiveness of the standard Sputnik V vaccination regimen in 24,423 HIV+ Moscow residents during spring - summer 2021, that included dominance of delta variant, with estimation of hospitalization and severe illness rates in vaccinated and unvaccinated patients. Data were extracted from the Moscow anti-COVID-19 vaccination and COVID-19 incidence Registries. 

Findings The data obtained indicate that Sputnik V epidemiological efficiency in the entire cohort of HIV+ on ART was 76¢33%; in HIV+ with CD4+ ≥ 350 cells/µl, vaccine efficiency was 79¢42%, avoiding hospitalization in 90¢12% cases and protecting from the development of moderate or severe disease in 97¢06%. For delta variant in this group the efficiency was 65¢35%, avoiding the need for hospitalization in 75¢77% cases and protecting from the development of moderate or severe disease in 93¢05% of patients. There was a trend, although not statistically significant, of declining vaccine efficiency in immune-compromised individuals (CD4+ < 350 cells/µl). 

Interpretation The study suggested epidemiological efficiency of immunization with Sputnik V in HIV+ ARTtreated patients for the original and delta SARS-CoV-2 variants. 

Funding Ministry of Health of Russia and Moscow Healthcare Department. Copyright
2022 The Authors. 

Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)