Vitamina D y deterioro cognitivo

Vitamin D and Risk of Cognitive Decline in Elderly Persons


Este es otro de los artículos que me parecen muy interesantes ya que en medicina preventiva no hemos tomado en cuenta los efectos beneficiosos de ésta vitamina, sin embargo cada día tenemos más información de lo importante que es la misma y a raíz de los estudios que demuestran que un alto porcentaje de la población tiene niveles bajos de la misma, me ha paredico impotante publicar este artículo y los invito a leer otros artículos publicados en este blog, donde he abordado el problema de la carencia de vitamina D ( ver Junio del 2009 )

Background
To our knowledge, no prospective study has examined the association between vitamin D and cognitive decline or dementia.

Methods
We determined whether low levels of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) were associated with an increased risk of substantial cognitive decline in the InCHIANTI population–based study conducted in Italy between 1998 and 2006 with follow-up assessments every 3 years. A total of 858 adults 65 years or older completed interviews, cognitive assessments, and medical examinations and provided blood samples. Cognitive decline was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), and substantial decline was defined as 3 or more points. The Trail-Making Tests A and B were also used, and substantial decline was defined as the worst 10% of the distribution of decline or as discontinued testing.

Results
The multivariate adjusted relative risk (95% confidence interval [CI]) of substantial cognitive decline on the MMSE in participants who were severely serum 25(OH)D deficient (levels <25 nmol/L) in comparison with those with sufficient levels of 25(OH)D ( 75 nmol/L) was 1.60 (95% CI, 1.19-2.00). Multivariate adjusted random-effects models demonstrated that the scores of participants who were severely 25(OH)D deficient declined by an additional 0.3 MMSE points per year more than those with sufficient levels of 25(OH)D. The relative risk for substantial decline on Trail-Making Test B was 1.31 (95% CI, 1.03-1.51) among those who were severely 25(OH)D deficient compared with those with sufficient levels of 25(OH)D. No significant association was observed for Trail-Making Test A.

Conclusion
Low levels of vitamin D were associated with substantial cognitive decline in the elderly population studied over a 6-year period, which raises important new possibilities for treatment and prevention.

Bibliografía:

- David J. Llewellyn D J, et al. Arch Intern Med. 2010;170(13):1135-1141. doi:10.1001/archinternmed.2010.173